Tuesday, 1 June 2010

The challenge of Poverty

A day in the life of Jose



Thanks to Aime for making the video! And thanks to Jose and his family for taking part. You may be interested to know that Jose was the boy who suffered bad burns earlier in the year, but now, as you can see, he is doing well.


Jose’s House

Possibly a reaction to seeing a little mud-brick house like that with all four kids and the grandma sleeping in one room, the almost non-existent kitchen and the outside sink as the only water supply, is to think of how they could be helped to improve their living conditions – maybe they should build another bedroom, get a table to eat at, buy an oven, a fridge even ....? When we see poverty we often want to pile in with money or ‘stuff’ to help the people we think are ‘in need’. We genuinely want to help, but our immediate ideas of how to help may not be the best ones. I have recently read a book called ‘When Helping Hurts’ (Steve Corbett and Brian Fikkert, Moody Publishers 2009) which I would recommend to everyone with an interest in helping those considered ‘less fortunate’ – it deals with questions such as ‘What is Poverty?’ and the difference between, and timing and appropriateness of, relief, rehabilitation and development. (See separate blog entry for more on this.)

On a slightly different note, although there are undoubtedly things that José and his family would like to improve in their house, maybe one important question is actually how we can move our lifestyles more in their direction.

I recently read a book by a church leader from India who was given the chance to study in the USA (Revolution in World Missions by KP Yohannan). His reflections are very interesting. For example, he writes: ‘What impresses visitors from the Third World are the simple things Americans take for granted: fresh water available 24 hours a day, unlimited electrical power, telephones that work and a most remarkable network of paved roads.’ And also: ‘I discovered most Americans have cupboards of clothing that they wear only occasionally – and I remembered the years I travelled and worked with only the clothes on my back’.

(The comment about the water reminds me of something I heard recently: ‘ Do you know that in Europe they wash the streets with drinking water?!’ )

Comparing his comments with Cusco, in our house we have mains water supply morning and evening (and a tank on the roof so we rarely run out), the electrical power is OK (although with slightly worrying sparks at times!), the phones are fine in the city although outlying areas don’t have fixed lines or cell phone networks, and paved roads do exists although they are often full of potholes, and many routes only have tracks or paths and it takes hours to get to the nearest town. Of course many people here don’t have a mains water supply or electricity in their house. At the recent youth camping night it was interesting to see that many of the kids came in their school tracksuits as they have very little choice of what to wear.

The author also quotes from another book where someone has suggested how to turn a middle-class Western house into a typical developing world house. Here is some of what he quotes: ‘ We begin by invading the house to strip it of its furniture. Everything goes: beds, chairs, tables, lamps. We will leave the family with a few old blankets, a small table, a wooden chair. Along with the cupboards go the clothes. Each family member may keep his oldest suit or dress, a shirt or blouse. We will permit a pair of shoes for the head of the family but none for the wife or children.

We move to the kitchen. All the appliances have been taken out, so we turn to the cupboards ... the box of matches may stay, a bag of flour, some sugar and salt, and a few potatoes. We will leave a handful of onions and a dish of dried beans. All the rest we take away: the meat, the fresh vegetables, the canned goods. The bathroom is dismantled, the running water shut off and the electric wires taken out. Next the family can move to the tool shed. There are no more newspapers, magazines or books. There are no postmen, no firemen. There is a school 3 miles away with two classrooms. The nearest clinic is 10 miles away and is tended by a midwife. It can be reached by bicycle, provided the family has a bicycle, which is unlikely ...’

The author is not actually expecting you to do this to your house, you may be pleased to know, but it makes a point doesn’t it? Even small changes to our lifestyles can free up money that could be used in a variety of ways and can be beneficial to the environment and our relationships too. Last year, although we weren’t in the UK, we read a bit about the SIMPLICITY campaign, and through that looked at some web sites connected to it and also some articles written by a friend of ours, Ruth, who works for ‘Living Lightly’ and who wrote a book a few years ago called ‘L is for Lifestyle’. I’m sure she won’t mind me quoting from her blog:

I was being interviewed about the way I live and the guy, Ian, said, 'well that's all very well for you: you're a bit of a hippy aren't you, but what about normal people?'. Oh my goodness, it's that H word again.
But why is this not normal?
Why is it not normal to be concerned about our world and its inhabitants? Why is not normal to want to live well in relation to those around us? Why is it not normal to give away more of our money than we spend on food for ourselves? Why is it not normal to try to stand against the messages of greed and consumerism that surround us? Why is it not normal to want to have some sort of a connection with the earth on which we live?’

If you’re interested in looking further into practical ideas to simplify your lifestyle, here are a few websites:

www.eauk.org/simplify/

www.lisforlifestyle.com

www.arochalivinglightly.org.uk




When Helping Hurts

We have been reading some helpful books recently relating to poverty and development in a Christian context. One was particularly clear regarding when relief is appropriate (i.e. emergency aid, such as during the floods here earlier in the year) and when just 'giving stuff' can actually do more harm than good, such as in areas with long term poverty-related problems (i.e. most of the Cusco region). And then there is rehabilitation, an example of which is the help being given to people in flood-hit areas to restart their small businesses. This can then progress to development, where they are able to reach a better living standard than before the floods (more about that, including Roland's involvement in businesses raising small animals, in the newsletter!)

What is Poverty?

The question of ' What is poverty?' is also addressed in a comprehensive way in the same book, looking at the way we all experience 'poverty' in some way - we all have a less-than-perfect relationship with God and with other people, and a less-than-perfect view of ourselves. In relationship to our environment, we may have too much or too little, work too much or too little, and cause environmental damage, for example. While recognizing that material poverty is a particular focus of Jesus, when working with the materially poor it is important to remember that we all have areas of need and we are not the ones with all the answers. Also, we need to keep in mind that meeting people's physical needs does not solve all their problems, and that as Christians it is crucial to be working with people in a holistic way, something on which Roland and the team have been focusing in the micro-finance project recently, starting to use some new business training materials that encompass a Christian worldview. If you are interested in getting hold of the book, it is called ‘When Helping Hurts’ by Steve Corbett and Brian Fikkert (Moody Publishers 2009).

How does it work out in practice?

These are some of the thoughts on which we have been reflecting and which are affecting our work here. Sometimes deciding how to best work is complex: The mountain project, for example, is an interesting mixture and while some of that work could be classified as 'relief', more and more we are trying to help people become more self-reliant and able to cope with crises. For example, at times we help with money for medicines, such as for Luz Marina, pregnant with her 6th child and suffering from domestic abuse. But if we can help her, and mums like her, to register with state insurance system (very basic, but worth doing), she will be more able to cope with health problems herself, needing to rely less on other people which further damages her very low self-esteem. The educational help, the young teens work and the Bible teaching are all designed to help members of the community into work in the future, into better family relationships and into a personal relationship with their Father God who ultimately can help them in all areas of material and relational poverty far better than we can.